Bile acid for fish

Description

RENGTY^® Bile acid is the main active ingredients of bile produced from cholesterol in liver, which is one synthesis sterols material with multiple bio-activities and play an important role in fat metabolism. It can promote fat metabolism, protect liver and gall,  it is a high efficient fat digestion and absorption promoter with natural biological activity. It can make up for the lack of bile acid secretion of animal, releasing the potential energy of feed, support animal health for poultry, livestock and aquaculture, enhance the feed utilization and lower the feed cost. It is extracted naturally, which is one kind of green and environmental friendly feed additives.

 

 

Specification

Product name	Bile acid
Identification	HPLC
Bile acid content	20%, 30%, 80%, 90%, 95%
Appearance	White to yellow powder
Odor	It should have no smelly, taste is bitter
Particle size	More than 90% pass through the standard sieve of 60 mesh
Solubiltiy	Slightly soluble in water
Loss on drying	≤10%
Plumbum (Pb)	≤40 mg/kg
Arsenic (As)	≤10 mg/kg

Function

1.Promote the digestion of fat and fat-soluble vitamins. Improve feed conversation ratio.
2.Protect liver health, prevent fatty liver disease, detoxify mycotoxin/endotoxin and the hazards from the usage of feed ingredients.
3.Enhance anti-stress ability and reduce mortality rate during transportation.
4.Improve body shape and meat quality.

 

Action Mechanism

Promote the digestion and absorption of fat and fat soluble substance
1. Emulsify fats and expand contact area with lipase
Bile acid have biosurfactant amphiphilic molecule structure with hydrophilic (hydroxyl, carboxyl) and hydrophobic (alkyl), have strong surface activity, which can effectively emulsifies fat into lipid droplets or chylomicron and improves the solubility of insoluble substances such as cholesterol in water.
When hydrophobic end break the large fat into small oil droplets, the hydrophilic end will wrap around small oil droplets, make fat infused into the water to finish fat hydrolyzation process. So bile acid greatly enlarge the contact area fat and lipase, convenient for fat digestion.
2. Regulate the activity of pancreatic lipase (LPS) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to promote the hydrolysis metabolism of fat 
The spatial structure of pancreatic lipase has three cap domains covering its catalytic sites. Bile acid can change this structure and expose the active site to the substrate and play its lipodysis role, so bile acid can activate the activity of pancreatic lipase to promote the hydrolysis metabolism of fat.
The apolipoprotein contained in chylomicron emulsified by bile acid can improve the activity of lipoprotein lipase therby greatly increase the hydrolysis metabolism of fat.
3.Transport fat in the intestinal and promote fat absorption
Bile acids can combine with all decomposed products of fats in the intestinal cavity such as fatty acid, monoglyceride etc. to form a water-soluble mixed micelle. 
The mixed micelle carries all fat decomposed products, large amount of fat-soluble vitamins, carotenoids and other nutrients to reach to surface of small intestinal villus and get into bloodstream, where they are absorbed.
So bile acid serve as necessary carrier for the insoluble fat hydrolysates to reach the intestinal mucosal surface and is important for the absorption of fat decomposed products.
4. Reduce the decomposition of autogenous fat
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a rate-limiting enzyme for degradation of autogenous fat.
Bile acids can significantly reduce the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase thereby lower catabolism of autogenous fat, so it significantly reduced the catabolism of autologous fat by regulating the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase.

Protect liver and gallbladder health
1. Prevent fatty liver
Bile acid can transport fat and cholesterol, reduce the accumulation of fat in the liver, promote the compound of VLDL (very low density lipoprotein) and prevent liver diseases such as fatty liver, hepatobiliary syndrome, biliary obstruction and so on.
2. Promote bile secretion
Promote the bile secretion, unimpeded biliary and reduce the burden of liver synthesis bile acid, let the liver rest more.
3. Eliminate toxin
The liver is plagued by mycotoxins (aflatoxin, gibalenone, T-2 toxin, vomiting toxin, etc.), endotoxins (the main component is lipopolysaccharide, which is the remaining cell wall component after the killing of Gram-negative bacteria.) and heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, copper, zinc etc.) for a long time, and its own health is constantly deteriorating. Bile acid can bind and break down endotoxins, relieve the burden of liver and intestines. Help liver detoxification, provide a safe and healthy environment for liver cells, protect liver cells from the invasion of toxins such as mycotoxins, algal toxins, heavy metal ions and drug toxins so on.
4. Promote liver development
Bile acid can improve the digestion, absorption and utilization of fat and provide lipid nutrition for the development of hepatopancreas.
5. Restore liver and pancreas
Bile acid can activate insulin activity, activate thyroxine activity, effectively promote fat burning energy supply, reduce protein loss, promote liver cell repair, and enhance immune protein synthesis
6. Regulate cholesterol metabolism
Bile acid can accelerate the transfer of cholesterol in HDL (high densitylipoprotein), maintain the balance of cholesterol in animal body, and regulate cholesterol metabolism. One third of cholesterol catabolism is achieved through the synthesis of bile acid, which provides an important excretory pathway for cholesterol metabolism.
7. Antioxidant and anti-stress
Bile acid can enhance the activity of SOD (superoxide dismutase), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GSR), eliminate free radicals in animals’ body and improve the anti-stress ability of animal, resist lipid oxidation and protect hepatopancreas.
8. Promote the growth
Bile acid can increase the level of the main substance IGF-I that regulates animal growth and the main factor GH that promotes cell protein synthesis and cell growth in animal blood, promotes animal growth.

Bile acid circulation

The bile acids are emulsified into glycerol and fatty acids in the small intestine to form the fatty acid-bile salt complex, which is absorbed by the chorionic membrane of the small intestine and separated from the fatty acids, and then transported into the liver through the portal vein. After uptake by liver cells, the free bile acids are synthesized and combined bile acids are discharged into the intestine to complete a hepatointestinal circulation.

 

Recommended Dosage of bile acid 30%

Species	Dosage (g/ton feed)
Freshwater fish	200-250
Tilapia	200-300
Salmon	500-600
Seabass	600-800
Eel	400-600
Rainbow Trout	600-800
Other marine fish	600-1000
It is suggested that bile acids should be used in combination with emulsifier for better effect.

 

Application of bile acid in fish

1. Effects of bile acid on growth performance and feed utilization of tilapia

Content of Bile acid (g)	0	150	450
WGR/ %	805.89	915.74	836.65
SGR/ (%.d-1)	4.27	4.38	4.31
FE	73.81	85.02	74.63
HSI/%	2.78	1.63	1.88
VSI/%	9.41	9.49	10.63

Experiment shows that adding 150g/ton feed bile acid, Tilapia shows the best growth performance.

 

2.Effects of bile acid on the growth performance of large-mouth bass

Content of Bile acid (g)	D0	D250	D750	D900
FBW g	35.15	34.40	36.41	39.53
SGR %	2.56	2.56	2.63	2.75
WGR %	460.44	460.45	489.18	535.22
FR %	1.45	1.51	1.53	1.53
SR %	99.33	97.78	96.67	98.89

Experiment shows that after adding 900ppm bile acid, the weight gain rate impoved by 16.24%, FR improved by 5.5%.

 

3.Effects of bile acid on the growth performance of grass carp

A total of 360 grass carps with a body weight of (11.49±0.2)g and a uniform size were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate, which were placed in a 400L aquaculture bucket, respectively. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks.

Basal diet: crude fat content was 4.09%, crude protein content was 28.79%.

The experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 200, 300 and 400mg/kg of bile acid, respectively (Aquaculture Test Farm of Shandong Freshwater Research Institute, 2018).

Groups	Initial average weight (g)	Final average weight (g)	WGR(%)	FCR
Basal diet group	11.56±1.21	48.90±7.73	321.50±22.27b	1.66±0.56b
200 mg/kg bile acid	11.62±0.97	50.79±6.47	336.19±19.03ab	1.58±0.08ab
300 mg/kg bile acid	11.28±1.07	52.60±6.84	365.20±17.39a	1.53±0.03a
400 mg/kg bile acid	11.49±0.26	51.03±4.31	343.65±28.20ab	1.59±0.95ab

Conclusion：

Adding bile acid can significantly increase the weight gain rate of grass carp, reduce the feed coefficient, and the best effect is when the supplemental amount is 300mg/kg.

 

4. Effects of bile acid on nutrient composition of whole body and liver of grass carp

Groups		Moisture(%)	CP(%)	EE(%)	Ash(%)
Whole fish	Basal diet group	71.10±0.56	15.64±0.60	8.29±0.16b	3.53±0.08
	200 mg/kg bile acid	72.40±1.05	15.45±0.68	8.02±0.24ab	3.58±0.12
	300 mg/kg bile acid	72.67±0.54	15.81±0.47	7.81±0.18a	3.61±0.07
	400 mg/kg bile acid	72.14±0.51	15.30±0.59	7.77±0.08a	3.48±0.18
Liver	Basal diet group	66.60±1.19	12.50±0.76	16.85±0.50b	5.32±0.50
	200 mg/kg bile acid	66.52±0.92	12.36±0.31	16.18±0.81ab	5.15±0.21
	300 mg/kg bile acid	66.22±1.00	13.04±0.80	15.49±0.10a	5.25±0.42
	400 mg/kg bile acid	65.93±0.73	12.80±0.07	15.10±0.66a	5.09±0.11

Conclusion： 

The fat content of whole fish and liver were significantly decreased in the group supplemented with bile acid, indicating that bile acid may promote fat metabolism and reduce fat deposition in liver and body of fish.

 

5. Hepatoprotective effect of micropterus salmoides

 

Packaging and storage

 

Delivery and transport

Port of loading: Qingdao or any port of China as requirements

Delivery time: 10-20 days shipment after signed contract

General speaking, EMS, TNT, DHL, UPS by express, by air and by sea is main shipping terms.

By express for quantity less than 50kg cargo, also called DDU service.

By sea for quantity over 500kg.

By air is available for above 50kg.

For high value products, please select air shipping or DHL express for safe.

If the cargo quantity is more than 500kg, but by sea can not arrive at you, please select land transportation, by train or by motor.